Ngubani owasungula iphepha? Zeziphi ezinye iinyani ezincinci ezinomdla?

Ukubhala iphepha yenye yezinto ezine ezinkulu ezaqanjwa eTshayina. Kwixesha leNtshona Han, abantu babesele beyiqonda indlela esisiseko yokwenza iphepha. Kwixesha leMpuma Han, ithenwa uCai Lun washwankathela amava abantu ababengaphambi kwakhe waza waphucula inkqubo yokwenza iphepha, nto leyo eyaphucula kakhulu umgangatho wephepha. Ukususela ngoko, ukusetyenziswa kwephepha kuye kwanda kakhulu. Iphepha liye lathatha indawo ye-bamboo slips kunye nesilika kancinci kancinci, laba yinto yokubhala esetyenziswa kakhulu, kwaye ikwanceda ukusasazeka kweencwadi zakudala.

Ukuphuculwa kokwenziwa kwephepha kukaCai Lun kuye kwakha inkqubo yokwenza iphepha eqhelekileyo, enokushwankathelwa ngala manyathelo ma-4 alandelayo:
Ukwahlula: Sebenzisa indlela yokubuyisela okanye ukubilisa ukuze ususe igum kwisisombululo se-alkali uze uzisasaze zibe yimicu.
Ukucola: Sebenzisa iindlela zokusika nokucola ukusika imicu uze uzenze zibe yintlama yephepha.
Ukwenza iphepha: Yenza iphepha lempuphu lingene emanzini ukuze lenze i-pulp, uze usebenzise i-scoop yephepha (i-bamboo mat) ukuze uqokelele i-pulp, ukuze i-pulp idibane kwi-scoop yephepha ibe ngamaphepha amancinci ephepha elimanzi.
Ukomisa: Yomisa iphepha elimanzi elangeni okanye emoyeni, uze ulixobule ukuze wenze iphepha.

Imbali yokwenza iphepha: Ukwenziwa kwephepha kumazwe amaninzi kwihlabathi liphela kwadluliselwa eTshayina. Ukuveliswa kwephepha yenye yeminikelo emikhulu yeTshayina kwimpucuko yehlabathi. KwiNgqungquthela yama-20 ye-International Papermaking History Association eyayibanjelwe eMalmedy, eBelgium ukususela nge-18 ukuya kwi-22 ka-Agasti 1990, iingcali zavumelana ngazwi linye ukuba uCai Lun wayengumyili omkhulu wokwenziwa kwephepha kwaye iTshayina yayililizwe elasungula ukwenziwa kwephepha.

Ukubaluleka kokwenza iphepha: Ukuveliswa kwephepha kukwasikhumbuza ngokubaluleka kokuvelisa izinto ezintsha zesayensi nezobuchwepheshe. Kwinkqubo yokuvelisa iphepha, uCai Lun wasebenzisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo ezintsha kunye netekhnoloji ukwenza iphepha libe lula, libe loqoqosho kwaye kube lula ukuligcina. Le nkqubo ibonisa indima ephambili yokuvelisa izinto ezintsha zesayensi nezobuchwepheshe ekukhuthazeni inkqubela phambili yoluntu. Kuluntu lwanamhlanje, ukuvelisa izinto ezintsha zesayensi nezobuchwepheshe kube ngamandla abalulekileyo okukhuthaza inkqubela phambili yoluntu. Njengabafundi basekholejini, kufuneka siqhubeke sihlola kwaye sivelise izinto ezintsha ukuze sijongane notshintsho oluhlala lutshintsha kunye nemingeni yoluntu.