Ukwenza amaphepha yenye yezinto ezine ezinkulu ezenziwe eTshayina. Kwi-Western Han Dynasty, abantu babesele beyiqondile indlela esisiseko yokwenza iphepha. Kwi-Eastern Han Dynasty, ithenwa uCai Lun washwankathela amava abanduleli bakhe kunye nokuphucula inkqubo yokwenza iphepha, eyaphucula kakhulu umgangatho wephepha. Ukususela ngoko, ukusetyenziswa kwephepha kuye kwanda. Iphepha liye latshintsha ngokuthe ngcembe iziliphu ze-bamboo kunye nesilika, lisiba yimathiriyeli yokubhala esetyenziswa kakhulu, kwaye likwaququzelela ukusasazeka kweeklasikhi.
Ukwenziwa kwephepha okuphuculweyo kweCai Lun kwenze inkqubo yokwenziwa kwamaphepha esemgangathweni, enokuthi ishwankathelwe ibe kula manyathelo ma-4 alandelayo:
Ukwahlula: Sebenzisa indlela yokubuyisela kwakhona okanye ukubilisa ukukhupha iimathiriyeli ekrwada kwisisombululo sealkali kwaye uzisasaze zibe yimicu.
I-Pulping: Sebenzisa iindlela zokusika kunye nokubetha ukusika iintsinga kwaye uzenze zibe ngumtshayelo ukuze zibe yintlama yephepha.
Ukwenziwa kwephepha: Yenza ipulp yephepha ingene emanzini ukwenza ipulp, kwaye usebenzise isikhonkwane sephepha (i-bamboo mat) ukuchola intlama, ukuze ipulp idityaniswe kwiphepha lephepha libe ngamaphetshana amancinci amanzi.
Ukomisa: Yomisa iphepha elimanzi elangeni okanye emoyeni, uze ulixovule ukuze wenze iphepha.
Imbali yokwenza iphepha: Ukwenziwa kwephepha kumazwe amaninzi kwihlabathi liphela kwadluliselwa eTshayina. Ukuveliswa kokwenziwa kwephepha lelinye lamagalelo amakhulu eTshayina kwimpucuko yehlabathi. KwiNkongolo yama-20 ye-International Papermaking History Association eyayibanjelwe eMalmedy, eBelgium ngo-Agasti 18 ukuya kowama-22, 1990, iingcali zavumelana ngamxhelo mnye ukuba uCai Lun wayengumyili obalaseleyo wokwenza amaphepha kwaye iTshayina lilizwe elayila ukwenza iphepha.
Ukubaluleka kokwenziwa kwephepha: Ukuveliswa kokwenziwa kwephepha kwakhona kusikhumbuza ngokubaluleka kwezinto ezintsha zenzululwazi kunye nezobuchwepheshe. Kwinkqubo yokuqulunqa iphepha, uCai Lun wasebenzisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokuyila kunye nobuchwepheshe ukwenza iphepha libe lula, libe noqoqosho kwaye kulula ukuligcina. Le nkqubo ibonisa indima ephambili yesayensi kunye neteknoloji entsha ekukhuthazeni inkqubela phambili yoluntu. Kuluntu lwanamhlanje, ukuveliswa kwezinto ezintsha zenzululwazi kunye nezobuchwepheshe kuye kwaba yinto ebalulekileyo yokukhuthaza inkqubela phambili yoluntu. Njengabafundi beekholeji, kufuneka siqhubeke siphonononga kwaye senze izinto ezintsha ukuze simelane notshintsho oluhlala lutshintsha lwentlalo kunye nemingeni.
Ixesha lokuposa: Aug-28-2024
