ishishini lamaphepha ezindlu zangasese ekuveliseni amanzi amdaka, inkunkuma yegesi, intsalela yenkunkuma, izinto ezinobuthi kunye nengxolo inokubangela ukungcoliseka okunzulu kokusingqongileyo, ulawulo lwayo, ukuthintela okanye ukupheliswa konyango, ukuze indawo engqongileyo ingachaphazeleki okanye ichaphazeleke kancinci, ibe yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yoshishino lwamaphepha endlu yangasese. Ishishini lamaphepha endlu yangasese ukuya kungcoliseko lwamanzi lunzulu, kunye, ne-drainage (ngaphezulu kwe-300 yeetoni zamanzi ngetoni nganye yepulp kunye nephepha lendlu yangasese), amanzi amdaka kumxholo ophezulu wezinto eziphilayo, imfuno ye-oksijini ye-biochemical (BOD) ephezulu, izinto eziqinileyo ezinqunyanyisiweyo (SS) ngaphezulu, kwaye iqulethe izinto eziyityhefu, ezinombala onombala ongaqhelekanga wokukhula, umngcipheko wokukhula kweshishini, kunye nokufuywa kwezilwanyana kunye nabahlali bamanzi kunye nokujonga umhlaba wokusingqongileyo. Ukuqokelelana ngokuhamba kweminyaka, izinto eziqinileyo ezinqunyanyisiweyo ziya kunyibilika kwizibuko lomlambo, kwaye zivelise ihydrogen sulphide ivumba eliyityhefu, umonakalo omkhulu.
Imithombo yongcoliseko Iinkqubo eziphambili kushishino lwamaphepha endlu yangasese kukulungiswa kwezinto ezikrwada, ukucofa, ukubuyiswa kwealkali, ukuxutywa kwebleach, ukukopisha iphepha langasese njalo njalo. Inkqubo yokulungiselela izinto ezikrwada ivelisa uthuli, amaxolo, amaqhekezana omthi, ingca ephela; i-pulping kunye nokubuyiselwa kwe-alkali, inkqubo yokucoca ivelisa igesi yokukhupha, uthuli, amanzi amdaka, intsalela yekalika, njl.; inkqubo yokukopa iphepha langasese ivelisa amanzi amhlophe, zonke ziqulethe izinto ezingcolisayo. Ungcoliseko lweshishini lamaphepha ezindlu zangasese kwindalo esingqongileyo lunokwahlulwa lube ziindidi ezi-3 zongcoliseko lwamanzi (Itheyibhile 1), ungcoliseko lomoya (iThebhile 2) kunye nongcoliseko lwenkunkuma eqinileyo.
Inkunkuma eqinileyo yi-pulp ebolayo, i-pulp slag, ixolo, i-chips yamaplanga aphukileyo, ingca, iingcambu zengca, ingca, i-silica equlethe udaka olumhlophe, i-lime slag, i-sulfuric iron ore slag, i-coal ash slag, njl., engenelela kwisiza, iphuma emanzini angcolileyo ukungcolisa umzimba wamanzi kunye nemithombo yamanzi aphantsi komhlaba. Ingxolo, ikwayingxaki enkulu kushishino lwezindlu zangasese.
Uthintelo nolawulo longcoliseko lunokwahlulwa lube ziindidi ezimbini: unyango olungenabungozi kwisiza kunye nokucocwa kwamanzi amdaka ngaphandle kwendawo.
Iphepha lendlu yangasese yaseYashi ligxothwa kuyo yonke inkqubo yomzimba. Inkqubo yokuvelisa ayinabungozi kumzimba womntu. Imveliso egqityiweyo ayinayo intsalela yeekhemikhali ezinobungozi kwaye inempilo kwaye ikhuselekile. Sebenzisa irhasi yendalo endaweni yesibaso esiqhelekileyo ukunqanda ukungcoliseka komsi emoyeni. Ukuphelisa inkqubo yokuxutywa kwe-bleaching, gcina umbala wokuqala wemicu yezityalo, ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi emveliso, ukuphepha ukukhutshwa kwe-bleaching ilindle, nokukhusela okusingqongileyo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Aug-13-2024
