I-China lilizwe elinezona ntlobo ze-bamboo kunye nenqanaba eliphezulu lolawulo lwe-bamboo. Ngoncedo lwalo olutyebileyo lwezixhobo ze-bamboo kunye netekhnoloji ekhulayo yokwenza iphepha le-bamboo pulp papermaking, ishishini lokwenza iphepha le-bamboo pulp liyakhula kwaye isantya senguqu kunye nophuculo siyakhawuleza. Ngo-2021, imveliso ye-bamboo pulp yelizwe lam yayizizigidi ezi-2.42 zeetoni, ukunyuka konyaka-ngonyaka nge-10.5%; bekukho amashishini okuvelisa i-bamboo pulp angama-23 ngaphezulu kobukhulu obumiselweyo, kunye nabasebenzi abangama-76,000 kunye nexabiso lemveliso ye-yuan eyi-13.2 yeebhiliyoni; bekukho 92 i-bamboo paper kunye ne-paperboard processing kunye namashishini emveliso, kunye nabasebenzi abangama-35,000 kunye nexabiso lemveliso ye-7.15 yebhiliyoni ye-yuan; bekukho ngaphezu kwama-80 amashishini emveliso yephepha enziwe ngesandla esebenzisa uqalo njengemathiriyeli ekrwada, enabasebenzi abamalunga nama-5,000 kunye nexabiso lemveliso elimalunga nezigidi ezingama-700 zeeyuan; Isantya sokuphelisa amandla okuvelisa umva siye sakhawuleza, kwaye ukupheka kweekhemikhali eziphambili zokutyhalela kunye netekhnoloji yokucoca, ikhemikhali yokucoca ngomatshini osebenzayo wangaphambi kokumiliselwa kunye neteknoloji yepulping kunye nezixhobo zisetyenziswe ngokubanzi kwimveliso ye-bamboo pulp. Ishishini lelizwe lam lokwenza i-bamboo pulp papermaking lisiya kwindlela yala maxesha kunye nesikali.
Amanyathelo amatsha
NgoDisemba 2021, i-State Forestry and Grassland Administration, iKomishoni yoPhuhliso kunye noHlaziyo lweSizwe kunye namanye amasebe angama-10 ahlangene akhupha "Iimbono zokuKhawuleza ukuNtsha kunye noPhuhliso lwe-Bamboo Industry". Iingingqi ezohlukeneyo ziye zaqulunqa imigaqo-nkqubo exhasayo ngokulandelelanayo ukunika inkxaso yomgaqo-nkqubo owomeleleyo wokukhuthaza uphuhliso olukumgangatho ophezulu woshishino loqalo, kubandakanywa i-bamboo pulp kunye neshishini lephepha. elona lizwe lam i-bamboo pulp kunye neendawo zokuvelisa iphepha zigxininiswe eSichuan, eGuizhou, eChongqing, eGuangxi, eFujian naseYunnan. Phakathi kwazo, iSichuan ngoku lelona phondo likhulu le-bamboo pulp kunye nephondo lokuvelisa iphepha kwilizwe lam. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, iPhondo laseSichuan liphuhlise ngamandla iqela lemveliso yepulp edibeneyo kunye nephepha "le-bamboo-pulp-paper-processing-sales", lenze uphawu oluphambili lwephepha lasekhaya le-bamboo pulp, kwaye laguqula izibonelelo zemithombo ye-bamboo eluhlaza kuphuhliso lwamashishini. iinzuzo, ukufumana iziphumo eziphawulekayo. Ngokusekwe kwimithombo etyebileyo ye-bamboo, i-Sichuan iye yahlakulela iindidi zamahlathi e-bamboo ezikumgangatho ophezulu, yaphucula umgangatho weziseko zamahlathi e-bamboo, yatyala amahlathi e-bamboo kwithambeka elingaphezu kwe-25 degrees kunye nomhlaba ongeyosiseko wefama kunye nethambeka le-15 ukuya kwi-25 degrees emanzini abalulekileyo. imithombo edibana nomgaqo-nkqubo, ikhuthaze ngokwesayensi ulawulo oluthathu lwamahlathi e-bamboo, lulungelelanise uphuhliso lwamahlathi e-bamboo ngamaplanga kunye namahlathi e-ecological bamboo, kunye nokuqinisa imbuyekezo eyahlukeneyo kunye nenkxaso yenkxaso. Oovimba boqalo baye banda ngokuthe ngcembe. Ngo-2022, indawo yehlathi le-bamboo kwiphondo idlule kwi-18 yezigidi zee-mu, inika isixa esikhulu sezinto ezikumgangatho ophezulu ze-bamboo fiber ekrwada ye-bamboo pulping kunye ne-papermaking, ngakumbi i-bamboo pulp yendalo yombala wephepha lasekhaya. Ukuze kuqinisekiswe umgangatho wephepha lasekhaya le-bamboo pulp kunye nokuphucula ulwazi lophawu lwephepha lendalo elinemibala yendalo ekhaya nakwamanye amazwe, iSichuan Paper Industry Association yafaka isicelo kwi-Ofisi yophawu lwe-Ofisi yePropati yoBukrelekrele kaRhulumente ukuze kubhaliswe "iPhepha le-Bamboo Pulp. " uphawu lokuthengisa oludibeneyo. Ukusukela kumzabalazo ogqithileyo wesandla esinye ukuya kuphuhliso lwangoku olusembindini kunye nophuhliso olukhulu, ukubambana kunye ukufudumala kunye nokuphumelela intsebenziswano kuye kwaba luphawu lophuhliso lwePhepha leSichuan. Ngo-2021, bekukho amashishini ali-13 e-bamboo pulping ngaphezulu kobukhulu obubekiweyo kwiPhondo laseSichuan, kunye nemveliso ye-bamboo pulp ye-1.2731 yezigidi zeetoni, ukunyuka konyaka-ngonyaka nge-7.62%, ibalwa kwi-67.13% yemveliso ye-bamboo yokuqala yelizwe, apho malunga ne-80% yayisetyenziselwa ukuvelisa iphepha lendlu; bekukho amashishini angama-58 e-bamboo pulp house base paper basepaper anemveliso yonyaka ye-1.256 yezigidi zeetoni; bekukho amashishini angama-248 e-bamboo pulp yasekhaya alungisa amaphepha anemveliso yonyaka ye-1.308 yezigidi zeetoni. I-40% ye-bamboo yendalo ye-pulp yasekhaya yephepha eveliswayo ithengiswa kwiphondo, kwaye i-60% ithengiswa ngaphandle kwephondo nakwamanye amazwe ngamaqonga okuthengisa e-e-commerce kunye nenyathelo lesizwe elithi "Belt and Road". Ihlabathi lijonge eTshayina nge-bamboo pulp, kwaye iChina ijonge eSichuan ngepulp yoqalo. Uphawu lweSichuan "lwe-bamboo pulp paper" luye kwihlabathi jikelele.
Itekhnoloji entsha
Ilizwe lam lelona lizwe livelisa ipulp ye-bamboo / i-bamboo enyibilikayo, enemigca ye-12 yale mihla yokuvelisa i-bamboo yekhemikhali ye-pulp enomthamo wonyaka wemveliso engaphezu kweetoni ezili-100,000, umthamo wemveliso we-2.2 yezigidi zeetoni, apho iitoni ezingama-600,000 ziyanyibilika. ipulp. UFang Guigan, umphandi kunye nomphathi wobugqirha kwiZiko leeMveliso zeHlathi kwiShishini leMichiza yeZiko laseTshayina lezaMahlathi, sele lizibophelele kuphando nophuhliso lobuchwepheshe obuphambili kunye nezixhobo zelizwe lam loshishino olucocekileyo olucocekileyo lwemveliso yemveliso yelizwe. Wathi emva kwemizamo edibeneyo yoshishino, i-academia kunye nophando, abaphandi baye baqhekeza itekhnoloji ephambili ye-bamboo pulp / ukuchithwa kwemveliso ye-pulp, kunye nokupheka okuphezulu kunye nobuchwepheshe be-bleaching kunye nezixhobo zisetyenziswe ngokubanzi kwimveliso ye-bamboo chemical pulp. Ngotshintsho kunye nokusetyenziswa kweziphumo zophando lwezenzululwazi kunye nezobuchwepheshe ezifana "noBuchwephesha obuNtsha boBuchule beBamboo obusebenzayo kunye nePapermaking" ukususela "kwiSicwangciso seMinyaka emihlanu", ilizwe lam liye layisombulula ekuqaleni ingxaki ye-N kunye ne-P yetyuwa elinganayo kwinkqubo Ukususwa kwe-silicon yotywala kunye nokukhutshwa konyango lwangaphandle. Kwangaxeshanye, kuye kwenziwa inkqubela phambili ekunyukeni komda wobumhlophe be-bamboo high-yield pulp bleaching. Phantsi kwemeko yedosi ye-economic bleaching agent, ubumhlophe be-bamboo high-ield pulp bunyukile ukusuka ngaphantsi kwe-65% ukuya ngaphezulu kwe-70%. Okwangoku, abaphandi basebenzela ukuqhekeza iibhotile zobugcisa ezifana nokusetyenziswa kwamandla aphezulu kunye nesivuno esiphantsi kwinkqubo yokuvelisa i-bamboo pulp, kwaye bazame ukudala inzuzo yeendleko kwimveliso ye-bamboo pulp kunye nokuphucula ukukhuphisana kwemarike yamazwe ngamazwe ye-bamboo pulp.
Amathuba amatsha
NgoJanuwari ka-2020, umyalelo omtsha wothintelo lweplastiki yelizwe wachaza umda wothintelo lweplastiki kunye nokukhetha ezinye iindlela, ezisa amathuba amatsha kwi-bamboo pulp kunye neenkampani zokuvelisa iphepha. Iingcali zabonisa ukuba phantsi kwemvelaphi "yekhabhoni ezimbini", i-bamboo, njengomthombo obalulekileyo wehlathi elingeyona inkuni, idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuqinisekiseni ukhuseleko lomthi wehlabathi, uphuhliso oluluhlaza lwekhabhoni ephantsi, kunye nokuphucula indlela yokuphila yabantu. "Ukutshintsha iplastiki nge-bamboo" kunye "nokutshintsha umthi nge-bamboo" kunamandla amakhulu kunye namandla amakhulu ophuhliso lwemizi-mveliso. I-bamboo ikhula ngokukhawuleza, ine-biomass enkulu kwaye inobutyebi obuninzi. Umgangatho we-bamboo fiber morphology kunye nomxholo we-cellulose uphakathi kweenkuni ze-coniferous kunye nemithi enamagqabi abanzi, kwaye i-pulp ye-bamboo eveliswayo ifaniswa nentlama yomthi. I-bamboo pulp fiber ide kuneyokhuni olunamaqabunga abanzi, i-microstructure yodonga lweseli ikhethekileyo, amandla okubetha kunye ne-ductility ilungile, kwaye i-pulp e-bleached ineempawu ezintle ezibonakalayo. Kwangaxeshanye, i-bamboo inomxholo ophezulu we-cellulose kwaye iyeyona nto ibalaseleyo yefiber ekrwada yokwenza iphepha. Iimpawu ezihlukeneyo ze-bamboo pulp kunye ne-pulp yomthi zingasetyenziselwa ukuvelisa iimveliso ezahlukeneyo zephepha eliphezulu kunye neebhodi zephepha. U-Fang Guigan uthe uphuhliso oluzinzileyo lwe-bamboo pulp kunye neshishini lephepha alinakwahlulwa kwizinto ezintsha: okokuqala, ukuqulunqwa komgaqo-nkqubo, ukwandisa inkxaso yezemali, kunye nokwakha nokuphucula iziseko ezifana neendlela, i-cableways, kunye nezilayidi kwiindawo zamahlathi e-bamboo. Okwesibini, ukuveliswa kwezinto ezintsha zokugawula izixhobo, ngakumbi ukusetyenziswa kakhulu kwezixhobo ezizisebenzelayo nezilumkileyo zokugawula, kuya kuyiphucula kakhulu imveliso yabasebenzi kunye nokunciphisa iindleko zokuwa. Okwesithathu, imodeli yokuveliswa kwezinto ezintsha, kwiindawo ezineemeko ezilungileyo zezibonelelo, isicwangciso kunye nokwakha iipaki zemizi-mveliso ye-bamboo, ukwandisa ikhonkco loshishino kunye nokwandisa ikhonkco lokulungisa, ukuphumeza ngokwenene ukusetyenziswa okugcweleyo kwezixhobo ze-bamboo, kunye nokwandisa inzuzo yezoqoqosho kwishishini le-bamboo. Okwesine, ukusungulwa kwenzululwazi kunye nobuchwepheshe, ukwandisa iintlobo zeemveliso zokwenziwa kwe-bamboo, njengezinto zokwakha ze-bamboo, iibhodi ze-bamboo, ukusetyenzwa okunzulu kwamagqabi e-bamboo, ukusetyenzwa okunzulu kweetshiphusi ze-bamboo (iindawo zokuhlala, i-bamboo yellow, i-bamboo bran), ukusetyenziswa kwexabiso eliphezulu lignin, kunye nokwandisa umda wokusetyenziswa kwe-cellulose (ukuchithwa kwe-pulp); Sombulula imiqobo engundoqo yobugcisa kwimveliso ye-bamboo pulp ngendlela ekujoliswe kuyo kwaye uqonde ukuphucuka kobuchwephesha basekhaya kunye nezixhobo. Kumashishini, ngokuphuhlisa iimveliso ezitsha ezihlukeneyo ezinjengokunyibilika, iphepha lendlu, kunye nephepha lokupakisha ukutya, kunye nokomeleza usetyenziso olubanzi olongezelelweyo lwexabiso eliphezulu lwenkunkuma yefayibha kwimveliso, yindlela esebenzayo yokuphuma kwindawo ephezulu. imodeli yenzuzo ngokukhawuleza kwaye ufezekise uphuhliso olukumgangatho ophezulu.
Ixesha lokuposa: Sep-08-2024
