● Inkqubo yokwenza iphepha le-bamboo pulp
Ukususela ekuphuhlisweni ngempumelelo kwemizi-mveliso nokusetyenziswa kwe-bamboo, kuye kwavela iinkqubo ezininzi ezintsha, ubuchwepheshe kunye neemveliso zokucubungula i-bamboo enye emva kwenye, nto leyo eye yaphucula kakhulu ixabiso lokusetyenziswa kwe-bamboo. Uphuhliso lwetekhnoloji yokugaya ngoomatshini yaseTshayina luye lwadlula kwindlela yendabuko yesandla kwaye luguquka lwaba yimodeli yemveliso yemizi-mveliso neyemizi-mveliso. Iinkqubo zemveliso ye-bamboo pulp ezidumileyo zangoku zezoomatshini, iikhemikhali kunye neekhemikhali. I-bamboo pulp yaseTshayina ikakhulu yikhemikhali, imalunga ne-70%; i-chemical mechanical ingaphantsi, ingaphantsi kwe-30%; ukusetyenziswa kweendlela ze-mechanical ukuvelisa i-bamboo pulp kunqunyelwe kwinqanaba lovavanyo, kwaye akukho ngxelo inkulu yemizi-mveliso.
1.Mechanical pulping method
I-mechanical pulping method kukusila i-bamboo ibe yimicu ngeendlela zoomatshini ngaphandle kokongeza ii-agent zamachiza. Ineenzuzo zongcoliseko oluphantsi, izinga eliphezulu lokucofa kunye nenkqubo elula. Phantsi kwemeko yolawulo olungqongqo lokungcoliseka kwendalo kunye nokunqongophala kobutyebi bentlama yeenkuni elizweni, i-bamboo pulp yomatshini iye yaxatyiswa ngokuthe ngcembe ngabantu.
Nangona i-pulping mechanical ineenzuzo zesantya esiphezulu se-pulping kunye nongcoliseko oluphantsi, isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwishishini le-pulping kunye ne-papermaking yezinto ze-coniferous ezifana ne-spruce. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yomxholo ophezulu we-lignin, umlotha, kunye ne-1% ye-NAOH isicatshulwa kwi-chemical composition of bamboo, umgangatho we-pulp umpofu kwaye kunzima ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zekhwalithi zephepha lezorhwebo. Ukusetyenziswa kwezoshishino kunqabile kwaye ubukhulu becala kwinqanaba lophando lwezenzululwazi kunye nokuhlola kwezobugcisa.
2.I-Chemical pulping method
Indlela ye-chemical pulping method isebenzisa i-bamboo njengento ekrwada kwaye isebenzisa indlela ye-sulfate okanye indlela ye-sulfite ukwenza i-bamboo pulp. Izinto eziluhlaza ze-bamboo zihlolwe, zihlanjwe, zihlanjululwe ngamanzi, ziphekwe, zifakwe kwi-causticized, zihluziwe, zihlanjwe ngokuphindaphindiweyo, zivaliwe ukukhangela, i-oxygen delignification, i-bleaching kunye nezinye iinkqubo zokwenza i-bamboo pulp. Indlela ye-chemical pulping method inokukhusela i-fiber kunye nokuphucula izinga lokunyusa. Ipulp efunyenweyo ikumgangatho olungileyo, icocekile kwaye ithambile, kulula ukuyicola, kwaye ingasetyenziselwa ukuvelisa iphepha lokubhala lodidi oluphezulu kunye nephepha lokushicilela.
Ngenxa yokususwa kwenani elikhulu le-lignin, umlotha kunye neencindi ezahlukeneyo kwinkqubo yokucofa i-chemical pulping method, isantya se-pulping ye-bamboo pulping siphantsi, ngokuqhelekileyo i-45% ~ 55%.
3.I-Chemical Mechanical Pulping
I-Chemical Mechanical Pulping yindlela yokukhupha i-bamboo njengezinto eziluhlaza kwaye idibanisa ezinye iimpawu ze-chemical pulping kunye ne-mechanical pulping. I-Chemical Mechanical Pulping ibandakanya indlela ye-semi-chemical, indlela ye-chemical mechanical kunye nendlela ye-chemical thermomechanical.
Kwi-bamboo pulping kunye ne-papermaking, isantya se-pulping ye-chemical pulping mechanical pulping iphezulu kuneyo ye-chemical pulping, enokufikelela ngokubanzi kwi-72% ~ 75%; umgangatho we-pulp ofunyenwe yi-chemical pulping mechanical pulping uphezulu kakhulu kunomatshini wokutshiza, onokuhlangabezana neemfuno eziqhelekileyo zokuveliswa kwephepha lempahla. Kwangaxeshanye, iindleko zokubuyiswa kwe-alkali kunye nokucocwa kogutyulo kukwaphakathi kweekhemikhali zokucofa kunye ne-pulping mechanical.
▲Umgca weBamboo Pulping Production
●Isixhobo sokwenza iPhepha leBamboo Pulp
Izixhobo zecandelo lokwenza iphepha le-bamboo pulp ziyafana nezo zecandelo lokwenza iphepha le-bamboo pulp. Umahluko omkhulu kwizixhobo zokwenza iphepha le-bamboo pulp usezigabeni zokulungiselela ezifana nokusika, ukuhlamba kunye nokupheka.
Ngenxa yokuba i-bamboo inesakhiwo esingenanto, izixhobo zokusika zahlukile kwezo zokhuni. Isixhobo sokusika i-bamboo esisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo (i-flaking) sibandakanya i-roller bamboo cutter, i-disc bamboo cutter kunye ne-drum chipper. Abasiki be-bamboo be-roller kunye nabasiki be-bamboo basebenza ngokufanelekileyo, kodwa umgangatho we-bamboo chips ezisetyenzisiweyo (i-bamboo chip shape) ayilunganga njengaleyo ye-drum chippers. Abasebenzisi banokukhetha izixhobo ezifanelekileyo zokusika (ukugqabhuka) ngokwenjongo ye-bamboo pulp kunye neendleko zokuvelisa. Kwizityalo ze-bamboo pulp ezincinci kunye neziphakathi (imveliso <100,000 t / a), izixhobo zasekhaya zokusika i-bamboo zanele ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zemveliso; kwizityalo ezinkulu ze-bamboo pulp (imveliso ≥100,000 t/a), izixhobo eziqhubela phambili kumazwe ngamazwe zokusika (i-flaking) zingakhethwa.
Izixhobo zokuhlamba i-bamboo chip zisetyenziselwa ukususa ukungcola, kwaye iimveliso ezininzi ezinelungelo elilodwa lomenzi ziye zaxelwa e-China. Ngokubanzi, kusetyenziswa iiwasha zepulp yevacuum, iiwasha zepulp zoxinzelelo kunye neewasha zepulp zebhanti ziyasetyenziswa. Amashishini aphakathi namakhulu anokusebenzisa iiwasha zokucoca ipulp eziphindwe kabini zokufuduswa okanye iziwasha ezinamandla zokukhupha amanzi.
Izixhobo zokupheka ze-bamboo chip zisetyenziselwa ukuthambisa i-bamboo chip kunye nokwahlula iikhemikhali. Amashishini amancinci naphakathi asebenzisa iimbiza zokupheka ezithe nkqo okanye izipheki ezithe tye. Amashishini amakhulu anokusebenzisa izipheki eziqhubekayo zeCamille ngokuhlamba okuxutywayo ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso, kwaye isivuno sepulp siya kunyuka ngokufanelekileyo, kodwa siya konyusa iindleko zotyalo-mali lwexesha elinye.
1. Ukwenziwa kwephepha le-bamboo pulp kunamandla amakhulu
Ngokusekelwe kuphando lwezixhobo ze-bamboo zaseTshayina kunye nohlalutyo lokufaneleka kwe-bamboo ngokwayo ekwenzeni iphepha, ukuphuhlisa ngamandla ishishini le-bamboo pulping akunakuphelisa nje ingxaki yezixhobo eziqinileyo zokhuni kwishishini lephepha laseTshayina, kodwa kukwayindlela esebenzayo yokutshintsha ulwakhiwo lwezinto eziluhlaza kwishishini lephepha kunye nokunciphisa ukuxhomekeka kwiitships zokhuni ezingeniswa kwamanye amazwe. Ezinye iingcali ziye zahlalutya ukuba ixabiso leyunithi ye-bamboo pulp ngeyunithi nganye liphantsi malunga ne-30% kunelepayini, i-spruce, i-eucalyptus, njl.njl., kwaye umgangatho we-bamboo pulp ulingana nowe-pulp yokhuni.
I-2.I-Forest-paper integration yindlela ebalulekileyo yophuhliso
Ngenxa yeenzuzo ezikhula ngokukhawuleza kunye nokuhlaziya i-bamboo, ukomeleza ukulinywa kwamahlathi akhethekileyo oqalo akhula ngokukhawuleza kunye nokuseka isiseko semveliso ye-bamboo pulp edibanisa ihlathi kunye nephepha liya kuba ngulwalathiso lophuhliso oluzinzileyo lwe-pulp yaseTshayina kunye ne-papermaking industry, ukunciphisa ukuxhomekeka kwi-chips yamaplanga angaphandle kunye ne-pulp, kunye nokuphuhlisa amashishini elizwe.
3.I-bamboo pulping yeCluster inesakhono esikhulu sophuhliso
Kwishishini langoku lokwenziwa kwe-bamboo, ngaphezulu kwe-90% yemathiriyeli ekrwada yenziwe nge-moso bamboo (Phoebe nanmu), esetyenziswa ikakhulu ukuvelisa izinto zasekhaya kunye nezixhobo zokwakha. I-bamboo pulp papermaking nayo isebenzisa i-moso bamboo (i-Phoebe nanmu) kunye ne-cycad bamboo njengemathiriyeli ekrwada, eyenza imeko yokhuphiswano lwemathiriyeli ekrwada kwaye ayilungele uphuhliso oluzinzileyo lweshishini. Ngokwesiseko seentlobo ze-bamboo ekrwada ekhoyo, ishishini lokwenza iphepha le-bamboo pulp kufuneka liphuhlise ngamandla iintlobo ngeentlobo ze-bamboo zokusetyenziswa kwemathiriyeli ekrwada, sebenzisa ngokupheleleyo icycad bamboo enexabiso eliphantsi ngokwentelekiso, idragon bamboo enkulu, iphoenix umsila we-bamboo, i-dendrocalamus latiflorus kunye nolunye uqalo oluthe kratya lokutyhaphaza kunye nokuphucula ukuthengisa amaphepha.
▲ I-bamboo edibeneyo ingasetyenziswa njengento ebalulekileyo ye-pulp
Ixesha lokuposa: Sep-04-2024
