Izinto ze-bamboo zinomxholo ophezulu we-cellulose, ukumila kwefayibha ebhityileyo, iimpawu ezintle zoomatshini kunye neplastiki. Njengenye imathiriyeli efanelekileyo yokwenza amaphepha enziwe ngamaplanga, i-bamboo inokuhlangabezana neemfuno zepulp yokwenza iphepha eliphakathi kunye nesiphelo esiphezulu. Uphononongo lubonise ukuba ukwakheka kweekhemikhali ze-bamboo kunye neepropathi zefiber zineempawu ezilungileyo zokutsalwa. Ukusebenza kwe-bamboo pulp kukwesibini kuphela kwi-pulp ye-coniferous wood, kwaye ingcono kune-pulp yomthi enamagqabi abanzi kunye ne-pulp yengca. IMyanmar, iIndiya kunye namanye amazwe ahamba phambili kwihlabathi kwintsimi ye-bamboo pulping kunye ne-papermaking. Iimveliso ze-bamboo zaseTshayina kunye neemveliso zephepha zithengwa kumazwe angaphandle eMyanmar naseIndiya. Ukuphuhlisa ngamandla ishishini le-bamboo pulping kunye nelokwenza iphepha kubaluleke kakhulu ekudambiseni ukunqongophala kwangoku kwezixhobo zokhuni zepulp.
I-bamboo ikhula ngokukhawuleza kwaye inokuvunwa ngokubanzi kwiminyaka emi-3 ukuya kwemi-4. Ukongeza, amahlathi e-bamboo anefuthe eliqinileyo lokulungiswa kwekhabhoni, okwenza ukuba inzuzo yezoqoqosho, yendalo kunye nentlalontle yoshishino lwe-bamboo ivelele. Okwangoku, itekhnoloji yemveliso ye-bamboo pulp yaseTshayina kunye nezixhobo ziye zakhula ngokuthe ngcembe, kwaye izixhobo eziphambili ezinje ngokucheba kunye ne-pulp ziye zaveliswa ekhaya. Imigca yemveliso ye-bamboo emikhulu kunye nephakathi ikhutshiwe kwaye yafakwa kwimveliso eGuizhou, eSichuan nakwezinye iindawo.
Iimpawu zekhemikhali ze-bamboo
Njengomathiriyeli we-biomass, i-bamboo ineekhemikhali ezintathu eziphambili: i-cellulose, i-hemicellulose, kunye ne-lignin, ukongeza kwixabiso elincinci le-pectin, isitashi, i-polysaccharides kunye ne-wax. Ngokuhlalutya ukwakheka kweekhemikhali kunye neempawu ze-bamboo, sinokuqonda izibonelelo kunye nokungalunganga kwe-bamboo njenge-pulp kunye nephepha lezinto eziphathekayo.
1. I-bamboo ine-cellulose ephezulu
Iphepha eligqityiweyo eliphezulu lineemfuno eziphezulu ze-pulp izinto eziluhlaza, ezifuna ukuphakama kwe-cellulose umxholo, ngcono, kunye nomxholo ophantsi we-lignin, i-polysaccharides kunye nezinye izicatshulwa, ngcono. UYang Rendang et al. kuthelekisa amacandelo aphambili ekhemikhali yemathiriyeli ye-biomass efana ne-bamboo (Phyllostachys pubescens), i-masson pine, i-poplar, ne-wheat straw kwaye yafumanisa ukuba umxholo we-cellulose wawuyi-masson pine (51.20%), i-bamboo (45.50%), i-poplar (43.24%), kunye neendiza zengqolowa (35.23%); umxholo we-hemicellulose (pentosan) wawuyipoplar (22.61%), i-bamboo (21.12%), i-wheat straw (19.30%), kunye ne-masson pine (8.24%); umxholo we-lignin wawuyi-bamboo (30.67%), i-mason pine (27.97%), i-poplar (17.10%), kunye ne-wheat straw (11.93%). Kunokubonwa ukuba phakathi kwezinto ezine zokuthelekisa, i-bamboo yimathiriyeli ekrwada ekrwada yesibini emva kwe-mason pine.
2. Iintsinga ze-Bamboo zinde kwaye zine-aspect ratio enkulu
Ubude obuqhelekileyo bemicu ye-bamboo yi-1.49 ~ 2.28 mm, ububanzi obuyi-12.24 ~ 17.32 μm, kunye ne-aspect ratio yi-122 ~ 165; i-avareji yodonga lwefiber yi-3.90 ~ 5.25 μm, kunye ne-wall-to-cavity ratio yi-4.20 ~ 7.50, i-fiber ene-thick-walled kunye ne-aspect ratio enkulu. Imathiriyeli yentlama ixhomekeke ikakhulu kwiselulosi evela kwimathiriyeli yebiomass. Izinto ezilungileyo ze-biofiber ze-raw for papermaking zifuna umxholo ophezulu we-cellulose kunye nomxholo ophantsi we-lignin, ongenako ukunyusa kuphela isivuno se-pulp, kodwa nokunciphisa umlotha kunye nezicatshulwa. I-bamboo ineempawu zemicu emide kunye ne-aspect ratio enkulu, eyenza i-fiber interweaving amaxesha amaninzi kwindawo nganye yeyunithi emva kokuba i-bamboo pulp yenziwe kwiphepha, kwaye amandla ephepha angcono. Ke ngoko, ukusebenza kwe-pulping ye-bamboo kusondele kumthi, kwaye yomelele kunezinye izityalo zengca ezifana neendiza, iindiza zengqolowa, kunye ne-bagasse.
3. I-Bamboo fiber inamandla aphezulu efayibha
I-bamboo cellulose ayinakuhlaziywa kuphela, ihlaziywa, i-biocompatible, i-hydrophilic, kwaye ineempawu ezibalaseleyo zoomatshini kunye nokumelana nobushushu, kodwa ineempawu ezintle zoomatshini. Abanye abaphengululi baye benza uvavanyo oluqinileyo kwiintlobo ezili-12 zemicu ye-bamboo baza bafumanisa ukuba imodulus enwebekayo kunye nokuqina kwayo ukodlula ezo zemicu yamahlathi eyenziweyo ekhula ngokukhawuleza. Wang et al. kuthelekisa iipropathi ezithambileyo zoomatshini beentlobo ezine zemicu: i-bamboo, kenaf, fir, kunye ne ramie. Iziphumo zabonisa ukuba i-tensile modulus kunye namandla e-bamboo fiber yayiphezulu kunezinye izinto ezintathu zefiber.
4. I-bamboo inomlotha ophezulu kunye nomxholo wesicatshulwa
Xa kuthelekiswa neenkuni, i-bamboo inomlotha ophezulu (malunga ne-1.0%) kunye ne-1% ye-NAOH isicatshulwa (malunga ne-30.0%), eya kuvelisa ukungcola okungaphezulu ngexesha lenkqubo ye-pulping, engabandakanyi ukukhupha kunye nokunyangwa kwamanzi amdaka kwi-pulp kunye. ishishini lamaphepha, kwaye liya kwandisa iindleko zotyalo-mali zezinye izixhobo.
Okwangoku, umgangatho weemveliso zephepha le-bamboo zephepha le-Yashi Paper lifikelele kwiimfuno ezisemgangathweni ze-EU ROHS, liphumelele i-EU AP (2002) -1, i-US FDA kunye nolunye uvavanyo lwemigangatho yokutya yamazwe ngamazwe, iphumelele i-FSC 100% isiqinisekiso sehlathi, kwaye ikwayinkampani yokuqala eSichuan ukufumana ukhuseleko lwaseTshayina kunye nesiqinisekiso esisempilweni; kwangaxeshanye, kuye kwathathwa iisampulu njenge "isampula yolongamelo esemgangathweni ofanelekileyo" imveliso yiZiko leSizwe loHlolo lweeMveliso zePhepha iminyaka elishumi ilandelelana, kwaye iye yaphumelela amawonga afana ne "National Quality Stable Qualified Qualified Brand and Product" evela kuMgangatho weTshayina. Ukhenketho.
Ixesha lokuposa: Sep-03-2024
